Dive into the inspiring lives of remarkable individuals in this curated collection of biographies for kids. From celebrated writers and groundbreaking scientists to courageous leaders and amazing athletes, these biographies will foster curiosity and help children to explore history through the challenges and triumphs of those who lived it.
With engaging storytelling, age-appropriate language, and themes of perseverance, innovation and resilience, this collection is a powerful way to open young minds to the past and to their own potential.
Get ready to explore the lives and legacies of heroes, thinkers and dreamers, all within the kid-safe environment of ABC Reading Eggs.
The books listed below can be accessed for free with a 30-day free trial. You'll also unlock the complete online library of over 4,000 kids’ books and get full access to our multi-award winning reading programs.
Once you've set up your ABC Reading Eggs account, click on the links below to access the books. Alternatively, you can browse through all biographical books directly in the Library.
Contents
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Born over 130 years ago, A.A. Milne is still one of England’s most loved writers. As a young man studying maths at Cambridge University, he discovered his love for words. After graduating he wrote many novels, plays and poems. He found new inspiration when his son was born. Milne's children’s stories about Christopher Robin and the honey-loving Winnie-the-Pooh have thrilled readers all over the world.
21 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 710L
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s music has delighted and moved listeners for over 200 years. At just five years old he was playing the piano and violin and composing music. At six he was travelling Europe entertaining royalty. Throughout his life Mozart was inspired by the great composers who came before him. His music continues to thrill and inspire musicians who have come after him.
25 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 710L
In his short life Robert Louis Stevenson wrote many famous books and poems. Some of his best-known novels are Treasure Island and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. As well as writing, Stevenson canoed through the waterways of Belgium. He hiked through the mountains in France. He sailed around the South Pacific. From his Scottish birthplace to his final resting place high on a mountain in Samoa, he gathered stories which he wove into tales of danger and adventure.
23 pages
Reading age: 8
Lexile: 770L
One of the greatest English writers of the twentieth century, Roald Dahl’s books continue to delight millions of children worldwide. He lived a remarkable life of adventure and heartache. He was a RAF pilot and a British spy before becoming an author. A magical storyteller, Roald Dahl gave us classics like Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, The BFG and Matilda.
21 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 770L
Beatrix Potter is one of the world’s most treasured children’s authors. Her storytelling, combined with her love of animals and the English countryside, has given generations of children charming characters like Peter Rabbit and Jemima Puddle-Duck. Beatrix’s tales are as popular today as they were when first published. Beatrix also felt strongly about conservation. In later life she focused on breeding prize-winning sheep and preserving the countryside.
31 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 800L
Dr Seuss was an author, illustrator, filmmaker and animator. He is best known for writing and illustrating 44 children’s books. His books have charmed millions of children worldwide because of their quirky characters and off-beat story lines and catchy rhymes. Books like The Cat in the Hat, Green Eggs and Ham, Horton Hears a Who! and The Lorax not only help children learn to read, they also deliver valuable life messages about gratitude, greed, self-worth, making a difference and enjoying life.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1050L
The ABC Reading Eggs Library is packed with over 4,000 fiction and nonfiction titles to spark your child’s imagination and grow their love of reading. Start your 30-day free trial today and unlock the entire Library, as well as hundreds of fun reading lessons, games and activities.
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Jane Goodall has always been fascinated by animals. She wanted to learn all about chimpanzees by watching them in the wild, not in a zoo or a cage. Her dreams came true when she was offered a job watching how chimpanzees behave in their natural environment. Jane Goodall’s research with the chimpanzees led her to become a world-famous scientist and animal rights champion.
33 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 760L
Rachel Carson devoted her life to studying and writing about the ‘beauties and mysteries of the earth’. She had a special interest in the ocean. Rachel wanted to protect the environment from human damage. Her book Silent Spring warned that some chemicals used on plants could harm living creatures. Silent Spring helped convince the government to make laws to protect the environment.
21 pages
Reading age: 8
Lexile: 780L
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Born in England in 1643, Isaac Newton grew up in a time when European scientists were questioning current beliefs. He developed theories on gravity and motion. Considered by many to be the father of modern science, his ideas helped answer questions, like ‘what keeps our planet orbiting the Sun?’ Newton’s discoveries forever changed the way people understood the world.
25 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 640L
Leonardo da Vinci was a man ahead of his time. He was the first “Renaissance Man”. He was a painter, inventor, architect, anatomist and engineer. His notebooks from the 1500s show his plans, ideas and inventions. He completed detailed drawings of an armoured tank and a helicopter, hundreds of years before they were actually invented.
25 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 680L
Next time you turn on a light, listen to music or watch a movie on the big screen, think about how those things were invented. In this book, you'll meet Thomas Alva Edison. He grew from being a curious boy who loved reading into a brilliant inventor. Thomas Edison is known as one of the brightest sparks in American history.
21 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 690L
Have you heard of Louis Pasteur? Few people in history have saved more lives. This French chemist has had a huge impact on everyday lives. A process he invented – pasteurisation – makes it safe for us to drink milk and eat dairy foods. His discoveries about micro-organisms led to great progress in the treatment of many diseases. Scientists today still study at the institute he set up over a hundred years ago.
27 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 690L
In 1900, Orville and Wilbur Wright built a glider in their bicycle repair shop in Ohio. Two years later, they were piloting The Flyer. It was the world’s first controllable aircraft. In 1909, Orville flew around the Statue of Liberty in New York City and the age of flight was born.
25 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 710L
Christopher Columbus sailed across the Atlantic Ocean on four ill-fated voyages. He went in search of a new sea route to Asia. A child of the Renaissance period, he dreamed of exploring the wider world. As a young man in the Age of Discovery he set out into the unknown. Expansion, disease and destruction followed.
27 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 720L
George Washington Carver was a revolutionary African-American scientist, teacher and inventor. His mission was to educate the former slave population about sustainable farming methods. He wanted African-American farmers not only to feed themselves, but also to earn a living from the land. George used science to help the poor black population. He developed hundreds of products made from plants like soybeans and sweet potato. He is best known for the many uses he invented for peanuts.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1070L
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Pocahontas was a Native American. She was the daughter of Chief Powhatan. She gave help and befriended the English settlers in Jamestown, in the Colony of Virginia. She was one of the first Native Americans to visit England. Her kindness helped keep peace between her people and the colonists.
23 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 620L
Bessie Coleman first became excited about flying after hearing stories shared by returned World War I pilots. She wanted to learn to fly a plane. As an African-American woman in the early 1900s, she was rejected by all the American flight schools. Bessie decided to learn French and head to France to pursue lessons at the Caudron Brothers' School of Aviation. There she learned to fly and earned her pilot's licence in just seven months. As the first African-American female to receive a pilot's licence, and one of the earliest female pilots in the world, Coleman broke down many social barriers.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 970L
Every Thursday night – after homework and jobs at home – eight-year-old Sonia Sotomayor watched “Perry Mason” episodes in her small apartment in a poor section of the Bronx, New York City. While her mother worked and studied at night, Sonia dreamed of being a lawyer one day. In 2009, Sonia Sotomayor was nominated to sit on the Supreme Court of the United States of America. Read how she set her goals, worked hard and now lives her own version of the American Dream.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1030L
Clara Barton was a teacher and then a nurse during the American Civil War. Her experiences during the war, and while travelling in Europe, led her to campaign for an American branch of the Red Cross. The Red Cross is an organisation dedicated to helping people affected by war or natural disasters. Clara spent most of her life selflessly serving others. Her nursing skills saved countless lives and the emotional support she gave to those in distress comforted many people.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1060L
Children can also learn about women who have shaped historical changes in the fields of science and technology. The Women in Science and Technology series includes titles about Katherine Johnson, Annie Easley, Mae C. Jemison, Megan Smith, Grace Hopper and Elizabeth Blackwell.
The ABC Reading Eggs Library is packed with over 4,000 fiction and nonfiction titles to spark your child’s imagination and grow their love of reading. Start your 30-day free trial today and unlock the entire Library, as well as hundreds of fun reading lessons, games and activities.
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Thousands of years ago, there lived a boy who would rule Egypt. At only nine years old, Tutankhamun became the Pharaoh. He ruled Egypt for ten years before dying suddenly. Tutankhamun is one of Egypt’s most famous pharaohs. This is because of the discovery of his tomb in the Valley of the Kings. It opened a window on the secrets of the past.
29 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 660L
Step back in time to find out about one of history’s most exciting warriors. As a young man, Alexander the Great became the King of Macedonia. With his powerful army he conquered most of the ancient world. Read about Alexander’s swift rise to power and his unexpected death.
27 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 680L
Queen Victoria’s reign of 63 years was longer than that of any British monarch before her. Ascending to the throne at just 18, her rule was the Victorian Era – a time of great industrial and technological expansion and the global spread of the British Empire.
15 pages
Reading age: 9
Lexile: 830L
The last of the Tudor monarchs, Elizabeth I ruled England for more than four decades. She saw off the Spanish Armada and its threat of invasion and expanded England’s territory on the far side of the world. The country enjoyed stable government, and the arts flourished. It was England’s ‘Golden Age’.
21 pages
Reading age: 9
Lexile: 840L
Henry VIII ruled England for 36 years, from 1509–47, during a time of sweeping changes in the nation. Henry is well-known for his many wives, but this larger-than-life monarch had a huge impact on the country's religious and political life.
21 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 930L
In 1066 the armies of King Harold II of England and William, Duke of Normandy, clashed at Hastings in the south of England. William was victorious and crowned the new King of England. His often violent 20-year reign changed England’s relationship with Europe.
22 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 950L
George III was the first of the Hanoverian monarchs born in England. In his own words, he gloried ‘in the name of Briton’ and occupied the throne during almost constant war and crisis. Britain’s longest reigning king, George III was an intelligent, moral and warm-hearted man who suffered greatly from poor health.
22 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 960L
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From a one-room log cabin to the American White House, Abraham Lincoln rose to become one of America’s favourite Presidents. Born into poverty, he taught himself to read and write. He borrowed law books and became a lawyer. He led the North in a war to end slavery. His life was cut short but his legacy is the freedom Americans enjoy today.
27 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 590L
George Washington was a farmer, a soldier and a leader. He bravely helped win the American Revolution and then became America’s first President. George Washington spent his life serving his country. He helped America become the country it is today.
21 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 620L
There is also a George Washington biography for reading age 10.
Thomas Jefferson was America’s third President. He was also a lawyer and a politician. He was an architect, a farmer and a musician. He appears on the US five cent and is honoured on Mount Rushmore. Jefferson is most famous for drafting one of America’s most important documents, the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration marked the creation of a new country – the United States of America.
31 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 640L
Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and author. He excelled in many different areas. He was also one of America’s Founding Fathers. Benjamin was a simple man. He believed that by working hard and working together life would be better for all Americans. Benjamin Franklin’s signature is on all four documents that founded the United States of America.
27 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 730L
Theodore Roosevelt was an adventurer. He travelled the world and roamed the Wild West. He explored, boxed, hunted and rode with cowboys. He was also America’s youngest President. “Teddy” Roosevelt worked tirelessly to give Americans a better life.
31 pages
Reading age: 7
Lexile: 730L
George Washington grew up in Virginia, USA, when it was still a colony governed by Britain. As he grew into a man, Washington became respected for his strong leadership. He served in the French and Indian War and was chosen to lead the American army when the colonies declared war and sought independence from Britain. George Washington became the first President of the United States in 1789, after the colonies won the American Revolution. He is considered to be one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He defined the role of President for all future leaders of America.
23 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 930L
There is also a George Washington biography for reading age 7.
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Known for his command of public speaking, William Pitt became Britain’s youngest Prime Minister in 1783.
17 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 990L
Winston Churchill is widely regarded as the United Kingdom’s greatest ever Prime Minister. His political career was long, eventful and imperfect, but his decision in 1940 to pursue victory against Germany at all costs was his finest hour. With a lifelong passion for the written word, his speeches were markers of his inspirational leadership on behalf of the British Empire.
22 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 990L
Robert Walpole dominated politics in the early to mid-eighteenth century and is considered the United Kingdom’s first Prime Minister.
17 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1020L
Benjamin Disraeli served twice as a Prime Minister, shaping the Conservative Party and befriending Queen Victoria in the process.
19 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1020L
David Lloyd George was a dominant force in British politics in the early twentieth century. Dubbed the ‘Welsh Wizard’, he is credited with social reforms that introduced the age pension and gave British workers' insurance against illness and unemployment. He received much of the credit for Britain’s victory in World War I.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1020L
Clement Attlee embraced a political career based on social reform in the early 1900s. This culminated in a revolutionary remodelling of British society in the years following World War II. Attlee is considered by many people to be one of the greatest – if not the greatest – prime ministers of the last century.
23 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1060L
Margaret Thatcher was the longest-serving British Prime Minister of the twentieth century and the nation’s first female Prime Minister. Her policies – which became known as ‘Thatcherism’ – caused significant social and economic upheaval and left a lasting impact on the United Kingdom.
23 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1060L
Tony Blair is the longest-serving Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Over 10 years, his governments responded to the 9/11 and 7/7 terrorist attacks, oversaw the Northern Ireland peace process and reformed public services.
18 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1070L
Harold Wilson was Prime Minister twice and the longest-serving Labour Prime Minister of the twentieth century. He led the United Kingdom during a period of significant social change in the 1960s and 1970s.
18 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1080L
Ramsay MacDonald was pivotal in the success and leadership of the Labour Party. He served as Prime Minister three times, once as leader of the first ever Labour Government in the United Kingdom. But his decision to lead a National Government during the challenges of the Great Depression led to his expulsion from the Labour Party.
21 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1080L
The ABC Reading Eggs Library is packed with over 4,000 fiction and nonfiction titles to spark your child’s imagination and grow their love of reading. Start your 30-day free trial today and unlock the entire Library, as well as hundreds of fun reading lessons, games and activities.
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Ben Chifley is known as the ‘ordinary Australian’, a train driver from rural New South Wales who became the nation’s leader. Largely self-educated, he used his understanding of finance and economics to shape a fair and prosperous Australia following the horrors of the Great Depression and World War II.
22 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 990L
William ‘Billy’ Hughes spent 58 years in state and federal politics across multiple political parties. While Prime Minister during World War I, he became known as ‘The Little Digger’ and was a strong supporter of compulsory military service.
17 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1010L
John Curtin became Prime Minister just as Australia was directly threatened by war with Japan. He worked tirelessly for his nation’s defence. Not only was Curtin a great wartime leader, he also set up Australia to prosper following the war.
21 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1010L
Alfred Deakin served the young Commonwealth of Australia as Prime Minister on three occasions within seven years. Some people consider him Australia’s greatest Prime Minister; most people agree Deakin was one of the country’s most influential leaders. As one biographer wrote, ‘Australia would be a name of different meaning today if he had not lived.’
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1030L
Australia’s first Tasmanian Prime Minister, Joseph Lyons steered Australia through the hardship of the Great Depression. In his distinguished career, Lyons is the only Australian to have been Prime Minister, a state premier and Leader of the Opposition in both state and federal parliaments.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1030L
Paul Keating served as Australia’s Twenty-Fourth Prime Minister from 1991 to 1996. He was Australia’s second-longest serving treasurer and led the Australia Labor Party to victory in two federal elections. Keating championed important economic and tax reforms, Native Title and the protection of the environment. He led the debate on Australia’s possible future as a republic. Keating is credited with helping to create a modern and progressive Australia.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1050L
Edmund Barton was the first Prime Minister of Australia. He held many important roles in his working life: as a lawyer, politician and as a High Court Justice. His skills as a politician and his sound understanding of the law enabled him to implement the basic structures of Australia’s Federal Government. Edmund Barton takes his place in Australia’s history as one of the founding fathers of federation.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1060L
After serving as a fighter pilot in World War II, John Grey Gorton became Prime Minister when the Liberal Party elected him leader after the death of Harold Holt.
19 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1060L
Australia’s longest-serving Labor Prime Minister, Bob Hawke is remembered as a ‘man of the people’. Hawke and his government modernised Australia’s economic system and reformed social services. He also championed the environment, gender equality and Indigenous rights.
26 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1070L
James Scullin became Prime Minister in the same week as the start of the Great Depression. He faced a failing economy and arguments within the Labor Party about how to respond to it.
20 pages
Reading age: 12
Lexile: 1070L
Malcolm Fraser served as Australia’s twenty-second Prime Minister from 1975 to 1983. He grew up on a large sheep station in south-western New South Wales, studied at Oxford University and came to power in dramatic circumstances. His government championed multiculturalism, refugee and human rights, and he continued this work for many years after leaving politics.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1100L
Robert Menzies was Australia’s twelfth and longest-serving Prime Minister. With the formation of the Liberal Party, Menzies changed the landscape of Australian politics. He served Australia as a member of parliament, founder of the Liberal Party and then Prime Minister. The Menzies Government granted Indigenous Australians the right to vote, improved the welfare system, supported the expansion of universities and developed Canberra as Australia’s national capital. Menzies is remembered as a respected statesman, skilled debater and politician.
29 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1100L
Gough Whitlam was Australia’s twenty-first Prime Minister. His short but extraordinary time in office electrified the Australian political landscape. Whitlam’s government reformed healthcare, land rights, the environment, education and the arts and sciences. The nature of his abrupt dismissal continues to be a source of controversy.
25 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1120L
Julia Gillard’s dedication to her education and career led her to achieve many ‘firsts’, including becoming the first female Prime Minister of Australia. Gillard’s time in office brought an increased focus on the position of women in public life and the significant hurdles they often face compared to men. Since leaving politics in 2013, Gillard has worked in the areas of education, women’s rights and mental health.
19 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1130L
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Sitting Bull was a warrior who later became a shaman and tribal elder. After white men discovered gold on sacred Lakȟóta land, he watched the demise of his people’s way of life. Instead of obeying white man’s rules, he and his people continued their nomadic lifestyle. After years of war, massacre, and lies from the government, Sioux groups and other tribes gradually united under Sitting Bull’s leadership. When Lt. Col. George Custer came across his massive camp at the Little Bighorn River the US Army was unprepared for the powerful force of Sitting Bull’s people.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1010L
Rosa Parks was an inspirational woman whose bravery resulted in her becoming a symbol for the modern Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Rosa was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, USA. Her courageous actions, and her treatment by the authorities, led to a massive protest which proved to be a major event in the battle to end segregation between black and white people.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1040L
Harriet Tubman was an African-American born into slavery. After courageously escaping the South she became an abolitionist. Harriet bravely led many other slaves north to freedom on escape routes known as the “Underground Railroad”. When the Civil War began in 1861 Harriet saw that there was an opportunity for slavery to finally end. She worked for the Union as a scout and a spy. Most of Harriet Tubman’s life was dedicated to the struggle for human rights. She faced danger with courage and determination so that she, and others born into slavery, could live free and with dignity.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1060L
Martin Luther King, Jr was a driving force for the African-American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. At 25 years of age, King was organising African Americans across the country to non-violently push for the right to vote, to end segregation and to demand civil rights. He is celebrated worldwide for his commitment to changing racist legislation. He is remembered for his powerful speeches about his dreams and hopes for African Americans.
19 pages
Reading age: 11
Lexile: 1080L
Malcolm X was an African-American civil rights activist in the 1950s and 1960s. After a troubled childhood and early life, he became a preacher for the Nation of Islam. His passionate – and often controversial – speeches both inspired and frightened thousands of Americans. While with the Nation of Islam, he strongly believed that African Americans should remain separate from white Americans. He encouraged them to embrace their African identity and strive to achieve independence. After an enlightening Islam pilgrimage his beliefs changed. He realised that black and white people could live peacefully together if they received the right guidance. Malcolm X did not live long enough to realise his dreams for America. In 1964 his life was violently cut short.
19 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 1090L
Stephanie Gilmore surfed her way to a World Championship title when she was just 17 years old. With a total of seven world titles, she’s become known for her artistry and athleticism at competitions around the world.
30 pages
Reading age: 9
Lexile: 770L
Two-time Women’s World Cup Soccer champion and Olympic gold medallist Megan Rapinoe shines on the field and off. She wows fans with her brilliant skills and uses her fame to promote causes she’s passionate about.
30 pages
Reading age: 9
Lexile: 810L
Elena Delle Donne is an inspiration on and off the court. Her love for basketball has led her to play in the Olympics and the WNBA. Her love for her family has led her to advocate for special needs and support the Special Olympics.
30 pages
Reading age: 9
Lexile: 830L
At 12 years old, Simone Biles was already giving her all to gymnastics. Her passion and drive for the sport pushed her to become the most decorated gymnast in the world.
30 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 870L
After being introduced to boxing at the age of 12, Muhammad Ali went on to become an Olympic gold medal winner and the boxing heavyweight champion of the world. After publicly refusing to join the US Army to fight in Vietnam, Ali was stripped of his honours and forced out of boxing. Despite losing his title, and the right to fight during the prime of his career, Ali eventually went on to break new world records. In his lifetime he was respected and admired for tirelessly supporting civil rights for African Americans. His final battle, the fight with Parkinson’s Disease, he handled with grace and dignity.
23 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 890L
On the court, Naomi Osaka is known for her fierceness. Off the court, she’s known for her upbeat attitude and quirky sense of humour. The tennis star has defeated some of the toughest and best-known players in the world and she plans to be around for many years.
30 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 900L
Snowboarder Chloe Kim rode to Olympic fame in 2016 with her unmatched combination of style and skill. Soaring 10 to 15 feet above the pipe, she’s one of the best snowboarders in the world.
30 pages
Reading age: 10
Lexile: 910L
In the Time Hop Sweets Shop series, children go on a time-travelling adventure with Fiona and Finley to learn about important people in US history. Each title mixes engaging fictional stories with biographical information.
Famous people encountered in the series:
The ABC Reading Eggs Library is packed with over 4,000 fiction and nonfiction titles to spark your child’s imagination and grow their love of reading. Start your 30-day free trial today and unlock the entire Library, as well as hundreds of fun reading lessons, games and activities.